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Difino
| • | Yeasts constitute a group of single-celled (unicellular) fungi, a few species of which are commonly used to leaven bread , ferment alcoholic beverages, and even drive experimental fuel cells. Most yeasts belong to the division Ascomycota. A few yeasts, such as Candida albicans, can cause infection in humans. More than one thousand species of yeasts have been described. The most commonly used yeast is Saccharomyces cerevisiae, which was domesticated for wine, bread, and beer production thousands of years ago.
Yeast species can have either obligately aerobic or facultatively anaerobic physiology. There is no known obligately anaerobic yeast. In the absence of oxygen, fermentative yeasts produce their energy by converting sugars into carbon dioxide and ethanol (alcohol). In brewing, the ethanol is bottled, while in baking the carbon dioxide raises the bread, and the ethanol evaporates.
An example with glucose as the substrate is
Source: [wikipedia: yeast]
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