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Difino
| • | Carmona, a town of south-western Spain, in the province of Seville; 43 km (27 mi.) N.E. of Seville by rail. Pop. (1900) 17,215.
Carmona is built on a ridge overlooking the central plain ofAndalusia, from the Sierra Morena, on the north, to the peakof San Cristobal, on the south. It has a thriving trade in wine,olive oil, grain and cattle; and the annual fair, which is held inApril, affords good opportunity of observing the costumes andcustoms of southern Spain. The citadel of Carmona, now inruins, was formerly the principal fortress of Peter the Cruel(r. 1350–1369), and contained a spacious palace within its defences.The principal entrance to the town is an old Moorish gateway;and the gate on the road to Cordova is partly of Roman construction.Portions of the ancient college of San Teodomir areof Moorish architecture, and the tower of the church of SanPedro is an imitation of the Giralda at Seville.
In 1881 a large Roman necropolis was discovered close to thetown, beside the Seville road. It contains many rock-hewnsepulchral chambers, with niches for the cinerary urns, and occasionallywith vestibules containing stone seats (triclinia). In1881 an amphitheatre, and another group of tombs, all belongingto the first four centuries A.D., were disinterred near theoriginal necropolis, and a small museum, maintained by theCarmona archaeological society, is filled with the mosaics,inscriptions, portrait-heads and other antiquities found here.
Carmona, the Roman Carmo, was the strongest city of Further Spain in the time of Julius Caesar (100–44 B.C.), and its strengthwas greatly increased by the Moors, who surrounded it with awall and ornamented it with fountains and palaces. In 1247Ferdinand III. of Castile took the city, and bestowed on it themotto Sicut Lucifer lucet in Aurora, sic in Wandalia Carmona
Source: [wikipedia: carmona, seville]
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