routing
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Difino
This article discusses routing in computer networks. For other meanings, see routing (disambiguation).
Routing is a means of discovering paths in computer networks along which information can be sent.Routing directs forwarding, the passing of logically addressed packets from their source toward their ultimate destination through intermediary nodes, called routers. Forwarding is usually directed by routing tables within the routers, which maintain a record of the best routes to various network destination locations. Thus, the construction of routing tables is important to efficient routing. Routing differs from bridging in its assumption that addresses are structured so that similar addresses are close together in the network, allowing the route to a group of addresses to be represented with a single routing table entry. Therefore, routing is better suited than bridging to large networks, and is the dominant form of path discovery on the Internet.
Small networks may involve hand configuration of routing tables. Large networks involve complex topologies and may change constantly, making the constructing of routing tables very problematic. Nevertheless, most of the PSTN uses pre-computed routing tables, with fallback routes if the most direct route is blocked; see routing in the PSTN. Dynamic routing attempts to solve this problem by constructing routing tables automatically, based on information carried by routing protocols, and allow the network to be nearly autonomous in avoiding network failures and blockages.Dynamic routing dominates the Internet. However, the configuration of the routing protocols often requires a skilled touch; it should not be supposed that networking technology has developed to the point where routing is a completely automatic operation.
In packet switched networks, such as the Internet, the data is split up into packets, each labeled with the complete destination address and routed individually. Circuit switched networks, such as the voice telephone network, also perform routing, to find paths for circuits, such as telephone calls, over which large amounts of data can be sent without continually repeating the complete destination address.
The hardware used in routing includes [wikipedia: routing]



ip:protocols

BGP Table Statistics
 graphs and reports on the number of bgp routes, network blocks, and the ip and ipv6 address spaces.


Howstuffworks "How Routers Work"
 routers are such a vital component of the internet that the internet literally could not exist without them. find out exactly how routers work and why they are so important!


ITPRC - IP Routing
 a collection of links to information on ip routing.


TCP/IP and IPX Routing tutorial
 references





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