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Difino
| • | The Plymouth Brethren is a Christian religious movement that began in Ireland and England in the late 1820s and made prominent by John Nelson Darby, Dr. Edward Cronin, John Bellett, and Francis Hutchinson who felt that the established Church had become too involved with the secular state and abandoned many of the basic truths of Christianity. The group began by meeting in households in Ireland, and called themselves "brethren", a word used many times throughout the New Testament refering to believers. The movement soon spead throughout the UK and by 1831, the group assembled in Plymouth England had over 3000 members. These members became known as "The brethren from Plymouth" and soon were simply called the "Plymouth Brethren". The group is also known as the "Assembly movement". The term Darbyites has also been used, although is uncommon and refers mainly to the Exclusive branch.
In the late 1840s, a difference over the "independence" of local meetings resulted in the first division, causing a distinction to be made between the Open Brethren, mainly referred to by the name "Christian brethren", and the Closed Brethren, mainly refered to as "Plymouth Brethren". The Closed Brethren later split again, creating a third group known as the Exclusive Brethren. Darby and his followers saw the split as the result of the growth of 'clericalism' and "grave error as to Christ's persona and sufferings".
Open Brethren remain affiliated with one another, mostly through support of Missionaries, or local missions. Over the years, they have come to resemble Protestant evangelical churches in doctrine, except that there are no officially recognized clergy and the Lord's Supper is celebrated weekly - both of which are common to Open, Closed and Exclusive groups alike.
Source: [wikipedia: plymouth brethren]
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