licensing |
english |
Difino
| • | Licensing is a form of strategic alliance which involves the sale of a right to use certain proprietary knowledge (so called intellectual property) in a defined way. The intellectual property may be registered publicly, for example in the form of a patent or trademark, as a means of establishing ownership rights. Or, it may be retained within the firm: referred to as know-how, it is commonly based on operational experience. Know-how for licensing purposes may include commercial and administrative knowledge as well as technical knowledge. The licensing agreement is the legal agreement setting out what is to be transferred from licensor to licensee and under what conditions. The licensee usually makes a lump sum (front end) payment. Additionally there is normally a royalty rate which tends to vary around a ࢀ&#-2574;ule of thumbࢀ&#-2592;of 5%, depending on the type of industry and rate of technological change. A minimum performance (payment) clause is considered essential and some firms allow the licensee a ࢀ&#-2576;eriod of grace' to get production and marketing started. There are also some companies that agree on a cross-licensing deal, whereby they just swap licenses instead of paying. According to UNCTAD, flows of royalties and licence fee receipts amounted to US$ 72 billion in 2001. Licensing is often used where there is a barrier to trade or constraints on and risk in foreign investment. Licensing can serve as a Trojan Horse in the meaning that it opens the possibility for a company to enter a foreign market where it otherwise might have been forbidden. Problems with licensing is that it can create a potential competitor, and that it's often seen as a last-resort strategic alliance when other options are not available. Source: [wikipedia: licensing (strategic alliance)] |
invention_and_innovation:technology
| BZ rights & Permissions, Inc. | ||
| services to clear the rights to use copyrighted works, and the names and likenesses of celebrities and public figures. based in the united states. | ||
| CopyCat Music Licensing, LLC | ||
| specializes in obtaining custom arrangement licenses for marching bands and drum corps. | ||
| Copyright Clearance Center | ||
| offering licensing systems that facilitate compliance with the copyright law and promote the constitutional purposes of copyright | ||
| Copyright Licensing Agency | ||
| licensing users to copy extracts from books, journals and periodicals, and collecting fees on behalf of authors and publishers. | ||
| Copyright Promotions Licensing Group | ||
| agency offering representation and marketing of entertainment, sport and brand licensing and merchandising rights in the uk and europe. | ||
| Diamond Time, Ltd. | ||
| copyright clearance and licensing for the film/tv and music industries | ||
| FOG Studios | ||
| interactive and intellectual rights representation and licensing firm, representing intellectual properties, corporations, development groups and individuals. | ||
| Label Sound | ||
| uk based music clearance licensing and clearance service. | ||
| Motion Picture Licensing Corporation | ||
| a copyright licensing service authorized to grant umbrella licenses to non-profit groups, businesses and government organizations for the public performances of home videocassettes and dvds. | ||
| Recorded Artists and Performers Limited | ||
| not-for-profit company, limited by guarantee, for recorded artists and performers in ireland. | ||
| RSiCopyright | ||
| clearance and reprint service | ||
copyright_services:intellectual_property
alebrije.info : alebrijes : sites : advertising : link to us : contact
• Fuzzy search
licensed counselors
microsoft
open source
• Specialized stores
Amazon.com (US)
Amazon.ca (CA)
Amazon.co.uk (UK)
• Specialized search
Discovery.com
Exploratorium
TutorialFind
• General crawlers
All the Web
AltaVista
Google
Lycos
Mamma
Msn
Overture
Teoma
WiseNut