image processing |
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Difino
| • | In the broadest sense, image processing includes any form of information processing in which the input is an image. Many image processing techniques derive from the application of signal processing techniques to the domain of images — two-dimensional signals such as photographs or video. The name image processing is most appropriate when both inputs and outputs are images. The extraction of arbitrary information from images is the domain of image analysis, which includes pattern recognition when the patterns to be identified are in images. In computer vision one seeks to extract more abstract information, such as the 3D description of a scene from video footage of it. The tools and concepts of image processing are also relevant to image synthesis from more abstract models, which is a major branch of computer graphics. The enormous size of images, compared to other data streams commonly processed by computers, and the need to process images quickly, has led to whole sub-fields on high speed image processing.A few decades ago, image processing was done largely in the analog domain, chiefly by optical devices. Optical methods are inherently parallel, and for that reason they are still essential to holography and a few other applications.However, as computers keep getting faster, analog techniques are being increasingly replaced by digital image processing techniques — which are more versatile, reliable, accurate, and easier to implement.Specialized hardware is still used for digital image processing: computer architectures based on pipelining have been the most commercially successful, but many different massively parallel architectures were developed as well. These architectures, especially pipelined architectures, are still commonly used in video processing systems.However, these days commercial image processing tasks with a processing speed of a few images per second or less are increasingly done by software libraries running on conventional personal computers. Most of the signal processing concepts that apply to one-dimensional signals — such as resolution, dynamic range, bandwidth, [wikipedia: image processing] |
graphics:software
| Variations | ||
| applies a range of changes, to a greater and lesser extent, to an image, showing 9 possible outcomes. | ||
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