alcoholism |
english |
Difino
| • | Alcoholism is a dependency on alcoholic beverages characterized by craving (a strong need to drink), loss of control (being unable to stop drinking despite a desire to do so), physical dependence, tolerance (increasing difficulty of becoming drunk), and withdrawal symptoms.]] The American Psychiatric Association no longer recognizes the existence of "alcoholism" as a diagnostic category. With the publication of the DSM-III in 1980, two separate syndromes of alcohol dependence and alcohol abuse replace the earlier category. Although the word "alcoholism" survives in popular usage and in the literature of certain groups such as Alcoholics Anonymous, the medical community recognizes the term through those two syndromes. [HTTP ] The World Health Organization also dropped the diagnostic category "alcoholism" in 1979, replacing it with the diagnostic categories "alcohol dependence" and "harmful use" (ICD-9, ICD-10). [HTTP ] Although acceptance of the disease model is declining, the American Hospital Association, the Association, the National Association of Social Workers, and the American College of Physicians classify "alcoholism" as a disease. The American Psychiatric Association recognizes alcohol abuse disorder and alcohol dependence disorder as two separate substance related disorders. The idea that alcoholism is a disease is more in congruence with the beliefs of Alcoholics Anonymous than the consensus of the scientific community. In a 1992 JAMA article, the Joint Committee of the National Council on Alcoholism and Drug Dependence and the American Society of Addiction Medicine published this definition for alcoholism: "Alcoholism is a primary chronic disease with genetic, psychosocial, and environmental factors influencing its development and manifestations. The disease is often progressive and fatal. It is characterized by impaired control over drinking, preoccupation with the drug alcohol, use of alcohol despite adverse consequences, and distortions in thinking, mostly denial. Each of these symptoms may be continuous or periodic." It must be borne in mind that the National Council on Alcoholism and Drug Dependence is an organization founded by AA member Marty Mann in or Source: [wikipedia: alcoholism] |
substance_abuse:addictions
| Brown Center for Alcohol and Addictions Studies | ||
| provides post-doctoral research training for behavioral, medical, and social scientists and health care professionals who wish to pursue a career in alcohol abuse and alcoholism research. | ||
| National Council on Alcoholism and Drug Dependence - NCADD | ||
| the ncadd is a volunteer health organization providing education, information, help, and hope. includes alcoholism facts, and youth information. | ||
| NIAAA | ||
| national institute on alcohol abuse and alcoholism. supports and conducts biomedical and behavioral research on the causes, consequences, treatment, and prevention of alcoholism and alcohol-related problems. | ||
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